Co-authored by anthropologists Leo Joachim Frachtenberg and Franz Boas under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution, Siuslawan (Lower Umpqua): An Illustrative Sketch provides a rigorous grammatical analysis of a severely endangered language native to the central Oregon coast. Published as part of Boas’s monumental Handbook of American Indian Languages, the monograph meticulously diagrams the phonetics, morphology, and complex verbal structures of the Siuslaw and Lower Umpqua dialects. By documenting these intricate linguistic mechanics directly from a dwindling number of fluent elders, the researchers created an invaluable, highly technical repository of a coastal culture that had been systematically fractured by pioneer settlement and forced relocations to the Siletz Reservation. A keen insight drawn from the work is how the federal sponsorship of "salvage anthropology" created a profound institutional hypocrisy; by utilizing the Bureau of American Ethnology to painstakingly catalog the structural brilliance of the Siuslaw language, the United States government funded the academic preservation of Indigenous intellectual heritage while simultaneously enforcing the devastating assimilation policies that actively drove these very languages to the brink of extinction.