City of Walla Walla Walla Walla County, Washington
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Information
General information on City of Walla Walla
- Feature Type: Incorporated
Official, historical, colloquial and alternative toponyms for City of Walla Walla
A brief list of names that this geographic feature has been named
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| City of Walla Walla | Official |
| Walla Walla | Official |
| Wieletpu | Historical |
Origin Notes and History of City of Walla Walla
References to City of Walla Walla that document the origin of its place name
WALLA WALLA is one of the most beautiful and best established Indian names in the geography of Washington.. It is applied to a county, city and river in the southeastern part of the State. The origin of the name is easily ascertained as it was recorded by the first white men who visited that region. Elliott Coues, the scholarly editor of the Lewis and Clark Journals, commenting on their entry for April 26, 1806, discusses the word as follows: "Here Lewis K 82 has Wollah Wollah; Clark Q 112 has Wallow Wallows; map has Wollaw Wollah; Clark elsewhere Woller Woller. As earlier observed in this work, the codices vary greatly in this slippery word, more than 20 forms of which are also found in print. Accepted forms are now [1893] Walla Walla, or Walla-walla, or Wallawalla. In several languages walla means running water, and reduplication of word diminutizes it; so Wallawalla is the small rapid river." (Volume III., page 969, note 22.) The word thus first recorded as the name of a tribe of Indians was soon naturally applied to the region occupied by them. In fact the name was taken by the Indians because it described the land where they lived. Rev. Myron Eells, who was born on Walker's Prairie, at the mission home of his father, Rev. Cushing Eells, and who died at the Twana Indian Mission, Hood Canal, in 1907, having devoted his life to work among Indians, wrote: "Walla Walla is a Nez Nerce and Cayuse word, the root of which is walatsa, which means 'running'; hence 'running water'. Two meanings of it are given, one being 'a small stream running into a large one' -- that is, the Walla Walla river emptying into the Columbia; another is 'ripple after ripple', 'fall after fall'. These meanings were given the writer by Mr. P. M. Whitman and Dr. W. C. McKay, who have lived among the Indians most of the time for over forty-five years, and speak the Walla Walla language as fluently as they do the English." (American .Anthropologist Volume V., January, 1892, page 34.) A later student says the Walla Walla Indians are known to the Nez Perces as Walawalapu, "Little River People". (E. S. Curtis, The North American Indian, Volume VIII., page 163.) The geographic name was thus first established for the valley and the river. Near the mouth of the river the North West Company of Montreal built their Fort Nez Perces in 1818, which has been known as "Old Fort Walla Walla." See Fort Walla Walla. The Territorial Legislature passed an act, approved on April 25, 1854, to organize Walla Walla County. On June 9, 1855, Isaac I. Stevens, Governor and Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Washington Territory, and Joel Palmer, Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Oregon Territory, concluded a treaty with the "Walla-Walla, Cayuses, and Umatilla Tribes and Bands of Indians in Washington and Oregon Territories." In that treaty the place of negotiation is given as "the treaty ground, Camp Stevens, in the Walla Walla valley." That site was within the present City of Walla Walla. Immediately following this and other treaties the Indian war broke out, during which Lieutenant Colonel Edward Jevnor Steptoe established Fort Walla Walla. On October 27, 1856, he wrote to his sister: "Do you know where this place is? Look up the Columbia River on the map till you see its tributary, the Walla Walla, and on this latter 'The Mission'. About five miles above the last place I am erecting a Post." (B. F. Manring, The Conquest of the Coeur D'Alenes, Spokanes and Palouses, pages 270-271.) Near that fort grew the City of Walla Walla, affectionately known as the "Garden City." Changes of name are well documented in the following quotation: "There was no town of Walla Walla in 1858; there was in 1859, and it came into existence through the ex parte rules of the first board of county commissioners. The first two meetings of the board were held March 15th and 26th, 1859. In their official record the place was referred to as Walla-Walla. And then, without further notice, we find that at their subsequent meetings January 6th and July 2d, it was called 'Steptoeville', in the record of the last named date appearing the following: 'On motion the name of the town of Steptoeville was changed to Wieletpu'. Despite this official action we find that at the meeting held September 5th, the county seat town is still referred to as Steptoeville. But at the next meeting, November 7th, the town is spoken of as Walla-Walla, and the following proceeding is recorded as regards the name: 'On motion the town of Wieletpu was changed to Walla-Walla.'" (History of Southeastern Washington, page 115.) By act of the Territorial Legislature, approved January 11, 1862, Walla Walla City was regularly incorporated.
A Selected Bibliography of City of Walla Walla, Walla Walla County, Washington
A compilation of essential readings detailing the history, geography, and culture of the region.
Becoming Walla Walla the transformation of cayuse country, 1805-1879 by Dennis Crockett
Becoming Walla Walla covers Walla Walla Valley history from the time of the Sahaptian Peoples’ first encounters with Euro-Americans to the initial expiration of the U.S. government’s treaty with the Cayuse, Walla Walla, and Umatilla. It sheds light on the city’s and reservation’s simultaneous development, re-animates the Walla Walla of the 1860s and 70s, reconsiders its status in early Washington Territory and Oregon State histories, and documents transformations of the region’s built and natural environments.
320 pages : illustrations
Desiderata
Selected Letters of A.M.A. Blanchet, Bishop of Walla Walla and Nesqualy (1846-1879) by Augustine Magloire Alexander Blanchet, Roberta Stringham Brown, Patricia O'Connell Killen
"In 1846, French Canadian-born A.M.A. Blanchet was named the first Catholic bishop of Walla Walla in the area soon to become Washington Territory. He arrived at Fort Walla Walla in late September 1847, part of the largest movement over the Oregon Trail to date. During the thirty-two years of Blanchet's tenure in the Northwest, the region underwent profound social and political change as the Hudson's Bay Company moved headquarters and many operations north following the Oregon Treaty, U.S. government and institutions were established, and Native American inhabitants dealt with displacement and discrimination. Blanchet chronicled both his own pastoral and administrative life and his observations on the world around him in a voluminous correspondence-almost nine hundred letters-to religious superiors and colleagues in Montreal, Paris, and Rome; funding organizations; other missionaries; and U.S. officials. This selection of Blanchet's letters provides a fascinating view of Washington Territory as seen through the eyes of an intelligent, devout, energetic, perceptive, and occasionally irascible cleric and administrator. Almost all of Blanchet's correspondence was in French. Roberta Stringham Brown and Patricia O'Connell Killen have chosen forty-five of those letters to translate and annotate, creating a history of early Washington that provides new insights into relationships, events, and personalities. A number of the letters provide first-hand glimpses of familiar events, such as the Whitman tragedy, the California gold rush, Indian wars and land displacement, transportation advances, and the domestic material culture of a frontier borderland. Others voice the hardships of historically underrepresented groups, including Native Americans, Metis, and French Canadians, and the experiences of ordinary people in growing population centers such as Seattle, Walla Walla, and Vancouver, Washington. Still others describe the struggle to bring social, medical, and educational institutions to the region, a struggle in which women religious workers played a key role. The letters-and the editors' fascinating annotations-provide an engaging and insightful look at an important period in the history of the Pacific Northwest and southwest Canada. Roberta Stringham Brown is professor of French at Pacific Lutheran University. Patricia O'Connell Killen is professor of religious studies and academic vice president at Gonzaga University"-- Provided by publisher
xviii, 272 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm
Desiderata
Walla Walla, a town built to be a city, 1900-1919 by Robert Allen Bennett
Journal of a Catholic bishop on the Oregon trail the overland crossing of the Rt. Rev. A.M.A. Blanchet, Bishop of Walla Walla, from Montreal to Oregon Territory, March 23, 1847 to January 23, 1851. Blackrobe buries Whitmans by Augustine Magloire Alexander Blanchet, Edward J. Kowrach, J. B. A. Brouillet
Journal of a Catholic Bishop on the Oregon Trail chronicles the grueling overland migration of early church officials into the remote, semi-arid expanses of the Columbia River Plateau in present-day southeastern Washington. The firsthand accounts vividly map the harsh geographic realities of the Walla Walla valley, a sprawling inland basin where extreme distances and rugged terrain severely hindered communication and isolated pioneer missionaries. By detailing the unforgiving landscape that formed the backdrop to the Whitman Massacre and the ensuing Cayuse War, the journal highlights how the profound physical barriers of the inland Northwest exacerbated the intense cultural conflicts of the era. Ultimately, this collection provides a localized spatial record of how the vast, unforgiving topography of the Oregon Territory's interior frontier fundamentally dictated the precarious survival of its earliest European outposts.
190 pages : illustrations ; 29 cm
Non-circulating [ 1 ]
Forty years a pioneer business life of Dorsey Syng Baker,1848-1888 by W. W. Baker
W. W. Baker’s Forty Years a Pioneer: Business Life of Dorsey Syng Baker 1848-1888 chronicles the ambitious frontier engineering that catalyzed the agricultural and industrial boom of the Inland Northwest. The biography details how Dr. Dorsey S. Baker constructed the region’s first railroad—the narrow-gauge Walla Walla and Columbia River line—by mapping its thirty-two miles of track directly onto the ancient Columbia Basin trade corridors long navigated by the Walla Walla, Cayuse, and Umatilla peoples. To overcome severe material shortages and sheer geographic isolation, Baker's enterprise relied on interdependent alliances and relentless cooperative labor, famously utilizing wooden rails temporarily capped with strap iron to successfully connect the inland agricultural settlements with the vital steamboat docks at Wallula. Ultimately, this historical account captures the intense physical reality of nineteenth-century pioneer development, demonstrating how the rapid superimposition of modern freight infrastructure onto established indigenous geography permanently transformed a remote inland territory into a massive wheat-exporting hub.
While the book traces his early origins in Illinois and his journey west via the Oregon Trail to an initial seven-year residence in Portland, Oregon, the vast majority of the narrative centers on Walla Walla, Washington. This is where "Doc" Baker eventually settled and built his regional business empire, which included agriculture, mercantilism, the first bank in Washington Territory, and the famous Walla Walla and Columbia River Railroad.
6 preliminary leaves, 257, [1] pages : illustrations, map (on lining papers) portraits 24 cm
Desiderata
An illustrated history of Walla Walla County, state of Washington by W. D. Lyman
Published in 1901, W. D. Lyman’s comprehensive volume chronicles the pioneer settlement, agricultural expansion, and civic maturation of Walla Walla County in southeastern Washington. A keen insight drawn from the text is how Walla Walla's strategic evolution from a chaotic gold-rush supply post into a highly stable, wheat-producing powerhouse allowed it to economically and politically dominate the early Washington Territory long before the rise of the Puget Sound cities. The narrative meticulously details this transformation alongside the complex pioneer interactions with Native American tribes, including the profound regional impact of the Whitman Massacre. Like similar historical works of its era, the book ultimately serves as a vital genealogical archive by preserving hundreds of detailed biographical sketches of the resilient farmers, merchants, and civic leaders who built the region.
ONLINE Circulation [ 1 ]
Walla Walla County
- Adkins
- Ash
- Attalia
- Ayer
- Babcock
- Baker-Langdon
- Berryman
- Bolles
- Burbank
- Burbank Heights
- Buroker
- Burr
- Calhounville
- Chew
- Climax
- Clyde
- City of College Place
- Coppei
- Dixie
- Dixie Crossing
- Eastman
- Elwood
- Ennis
- Eureka
- Five Points
- Gardena
- Garrett
- Gilliam
- Hadley
- Harbert
- Harsha
- Harvey
- Hatch
- Humorist
- Hunt
- Kibler
- Kooskooskie
- Lamar
- Langdon
- Le Grow
- Lee
- Lowden
- Magallon
- Matthew
- Minnick
- Mojonnier
- Paddock
- Page
- Pedigo
- Pickard
- Port Kelley
- City of Prescott
- Reese
- Rifton
- Robinson
- Rulo
- Russell
- Ruxby
- Sapolil
- Scott
- Sheffler
- Slater
- Stateline
- Sudbury
- Thiel
- Thomas
- Tompkins
- Touchet
- Tracy
- Two Rivers
- Valley Grove
- Villard Junction
- Waiilatpo (historical)
- City of Waitsburg
- Walker
- City of Walla Walla
- Wallula
- Wallula Junction
- Welland
- Whitman
- Zangar Junction
Political Boundaries
Last updated: 2025-09-23