Thurston County County


Thurston County was created out of Lewis County by the government of Oregon Territory on January 12, 1852. At that time, it covered all of the Puget Sound region and the Olympic Peninsula. On December 22 of the same year, Pierce, King, Island, and Jefferson counties were split off from Thurston County. It is named after Samuel R. Thurston, the Oregon Territory's first delegate to Congress.

Mapped Location

Thurston County: The mapped location is an approximation and should not be used for navigation or wayfinding.

 

Information

General information on Thurston County

  • Feature Type: County
  • County Seat: City of Olympia
  • Established: Monday, January 12, 1852

 

Official, historical, colloquial and alternative toponyms for Thurston County

A brief list of names that this geographic feature has been named

Name Description
Thurston County Official

 

Origin Notes and History of Thurston County

References to Thurston County that document the origin of its place name

Title Cover Image: Origin of Washington geographic names

THURSTON COUNTY, was created on January 12, 1852, while Washington was still a part of Oregon Territory, and was named in honor of Samuel R. Thurston, Oregon's first Delegate to Congress. Elwood Evans wrote: "At that session, several new counties were established. The northern part of Lewis was set off. When reported, the act contained the name of 'Simmons,' in honor of the pioneer settler [Michael Troutman Simmons] in the Puget Sound basin; that name gave place to Thurston, a legislative tribute to the memory of the first delegate." (History of the Pacific Northwest: Oregon and Washington, Volume I., page 326.)

Edmond S. Meany in Origin of Washington Geographic Names

 

A Selected Bibliography of Thurston County, County

A compilation of essential readings detailing the history, geography, and culture of the region.

Maritime names of Washington by Richard W. Blumenthal

Maritime Names of Washington is a wonderful companion if you are a boating enthusiast or simply curious about Washington’s maritime history. This book is a scholarly study on the origins of place names for our coastal and inland waters. It covers every name that appears on current nautical charts, from the Pacific Coast to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, the San Juans, and Puget Sound from Port Townsend to Olympia. It includes every named island, bay, point, inlet, pass, harbor, rock, channel, strait, canal, peninsula, sound, and shoal. The book also features many local and historical names that are not shown on the charts. The manuscript generally identifies the individual who named the place, when, why, and for whom. It also identifies the chart where the name first appeared and the early settlement history of many places. The manuscript is richly annotated and uses many quotes from the observations of our earliest explorers to give readers a glimpse of what Puget Sound country looked like 200+ years ago. Each of our early explorations is discussed in detail as they relate to individual place names. The book contains 170 pictures and 44 historical nautical charts from 1790 to 1900 that show many of the names

ix, 501 pages : illustrations, maps, charts ; 26 cm

Non-circulating [ 1 ]

 


Thurston County water, woods & prairies: essays on the history of Washington's capital county by Sandra A. Crowell , Shirley A. Stirling , Thurston County Historic Commission (Wash) (Issuing body)

"From time immemorial, people have walked on the land of the present-day Thurston County, Washington. Its waters provided sustenance and a way of life for Native inhabitants, and maritime explorers sought out its shores. Rich prairies attracted hearty pioneers who developed productive farms; its woods supplied a growing nation with timber products. At the center of the Thurston County story is the spirit of its Native heritage, enduring communities, and the capital of Washington State. Local authors have pooled their expertise to bring to life the history of this lovely capital county on Puget Sound"--Back cover

290 pages : illustrations (some color), maps (some color) ; 29 cm

Non-circulating [ 1 ]

 


A sound defense military sites, lighthouses, and memorials of Puget Sound by Nancy L. McDaniel

"A Sound Defense" is a comprehensive description of military sites of Puget Sound. Military historical sites in the twelve counties (Whatcom, Skagit, Snohomish, San Juan, Island, King, Pierce, Thurston, Mason, Kitsap, Clallam and Jefferson) are described with an emphasis on the unique things which happened there. Over 150 pictures and maps are included. Nancy McDaniel, Colonel, USAF, MSC (Retired) is a Washington State native and brings a love of the area and combines that with a perspective on the contributions that the military has had on Western Washington. "A Sound Defense" describes blockhouses built during the Indian conflicts. It addresses "The Pig War" and the politics of the international relationships which helped establish the boundaries of the United States. Forts built to protect Puget Sound as a result of the decisions of the Endicott Board are described along with the personalities of the commanders and personnel who were assigned there. Long forgotten installations established to provide early warning of approaching enemy aircraft are prominent in this comprehensive book. Lighthouses throughout the area are highlighted with the inclusion of historical photos and stories of early lightkeepers. Most importantly, "A Sound Defense" recognizes the contributions of military personnel throughout the years by the inclusion of memorials and facilities dedicated to recognizing their service to the country.

xvi, 365 pages : illustrations, maps ; 23 cm

Non-circulating [ 1 ]

 


Selected Letters of A.M.A. Blanchet, Bishop of Walla Walla and Nesqualy (1846-1879) by Augustine Magloire Alexander Blanchet, Roberta Stringham Brown, Patricia O'Connell Killen

"In 1846, French Canadian-born A.M.A. Blanchet was named the first Catholic bishop of Walla Walla in the area soon to become Washington Territory. He arrived at Fort Walla Walla in late September 1847, part of the largest movement over the Oregon Trail to date. During the thirty-two years of Blanchet's tenure in the Northwest, the region underwent profound social and political change as the Hudson's Bay Company moved headquarters and many operations north following the Oregon Treaty, U.S. government and institutions were established, and Native American inhabitants dealt with displacement and discrimination. Blanchet chronicled both his own pastoral and administrative life and his observations on the world around him in a voluminous correspondence-almost nine hundred letters-to religious superiors and colleagues in Montreal, Paris, and Rome; funding organizations; other missionaries; and U.S. officials. This selection of Blanchet's letters provides a fascinating view of Washington Territory as seen through the eyes of an intelligent, devout, energetic, perceptive, and occasionally irascible cleric and administrator. Almost all of Blanchet's correspondence was in French. Roberta Stringham Brown and Patricia O'Connell Killen have chosen forty-five of those letters to translate and annotate, creating a history of early Washington that provides new insights into relationships, events, and personalities. A number of the letters provide first-hand glimpses of familiar events, such as the Whitman tragedy, the California gold rush, Indian wars and land displacement, transportation advances, and the domestic material culture of a frontier borderland. Others voice the hardships of historically underrepresented groups, including Native Americans, Metis, and French Canadians, and the experiences of ordinary people in growing population centers such as Seattle, Walla Walla, and Vancouver, Washington. Still others describe the struggle to bring social, medical, and educational institutions to the region, a struggle in which women religious workers played a key role. The letters-and the editors' fascinating annotations-provide an engaging and insightful look at an important period in the history of the Pacific Northwest and southwest Canada. Roberta Stringham Brown is professor of French at Pacific Lutheran University. Patricia O'Connell Killen is professor of religious studies and academic vice president at Gonzaga University"-- Provided by publisher

xviii, 272 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm

Desiderata

 


Tenino, Washington the decades of boom & bust by Scott McArthur

Published in local editions by Scott McArthur, Tenino, Washington: The Decades of Boom & Bust chronicles the colorful economic highs and lows of a historic south Sound community shaped by sandstone quarrying, timber, and coal mining. The book details the town's late 19th-century industrial peak, its struggles through the Great Depression, and its famous emergency response of printing wooden money during the banking crisis of 1933. Through archival photographs and engaging local history, the text captures the gritty resilience of a working-class town repeatedly forced to reinvent itself as its primary resource industries faded. A keen insight drawn from the work is how severe economic isolation can spark profound civic innovation; by turning local wood veneer into legal tender, Tenino transformed a debilitating banking failure into an ingenious piece of public theater and enduring numismatic history.

143 pages : illustrations ; 22 cm

Non-circulating [ 1 ]

 


Postmarked Washington Thurston County by Guy Reed Ramsey, Susan Goff

Guy Reed Ramsey and Susan Goff’s Postmarked Washington: Thurston County serves as a meticulous civic and logistical history that traces the establishment, evolution, and frequent disappearance of early settlements at the southern terminus of Puget Sound. Moving beyond a simple philatelic catalog, the text reveals how the territory's earliest communication networks and pioneer mail routes were mapped directly onto the ancient overland trails and river portages long established by the Nisqually, Squaxin, and Chehalis peoples. The authors detail how the hard-fought authorization of a local post office acted as the ultimate catalyst for frontier community building, transforming isolated timber camps, prairie homesteads, and maritime claims into officially recognized, interconnected civic hubs. By documenting the transient nature of many of these rural outposts, the history highlights the boom-and-bust cycles of the region's early timber and agricultural economies, showing how rural pioneers relied on interdependent community alliances to maintain these vital mail lifelines. Ultimately, this detailed geographic index demonstrates how the cooperative, grueling effort to establish frontier mail service successfully stitched a scattered wilderness into the cohesive civic infrastructure that anchors modern Thurston County.

vi, 125 pages : illustrations ; 22 cm

Non-circulating [ 1 ]

 


Lacey, Olympia, and Tumwater a pictorial history by Shanna Stevenson

This book gives a reader the opportunity to view the Olympia, Lacy, Tumwater in its early development stages and fills a lot of gaps.

223 pages : illustrations ; 28 cm

Non-circulating [ 1 ]

 


Lights and shades of pioneer life on Puget Sound by George E. Blankenship

George E. Blankenship’s 1923 retrospective, Lights and shades of pioneer life on Puget Sound, provides a granular eyewitness chronicle of mid-nineteenth-century settler expansion and civic formation centered around Olympia, Budd Inlet, and the southern reaches of the Salish Sea. Drawing upon pioneer reminiscences, local lore, and territorial archives, Blankenship documents how foundational Euro-American outposts—most notably the water-powered timber mills at Tumwater Falls (New Market) and the commercial wharves and legislative halls of Olympia—were superimposed directly onto the ancestral estuarine villages, seasonal shellfish beds, and river mouths stewarded by the Steh-Chass, Squaxin Island, and Nisqually peoples. The narrative details the fragile mechanics of early frontier logistics, illustrating how isolated homesteaders relied almost entirely on established Coast Salish marine highways, Indigenous canoe transport, and interdependent trade networks for basic provisions, mail transit, and regional communication before the development of permanent overland roads or regular steam navigation. By recording the social bonds, racial tensions, and military mobilizations that erupted during the Puget Sound War of 1855–1856, Blankenship captures the profound friction of territorial development, tracing how a deeply interdependent coastal trade nexus was systematically restructured into an institutionalized American political and industrial landscape.

90 pages ; 23 cm

ONLINE Circulation [ 1 ]

 


Early history of Thurston County, Washington together with biographies and reminiscences of those identified with pioneer days by Georgiana Mitchell Blankenship

Compiled by Georgiana Mitchell Blankenship in 1914, Early History of Thurston County, Washington serves as an exhaustive anthology of biographical sketches and firsthand memoirs documenting the foundational years of the Puget Sound region. The volume weaves together the personal recollections of early white settlers, chronicling their grueling overland migrations, the establishment of Olympia, and the swift political and commercial dominance achieved by the pioneer class. Operating simultaneously as a community scrapbook and a civic monument, the text elevates the hardships of these foundational families while meticulously recording the social networks that solidified their territorial authority. A keen insight drawn from the work is how the genre of locally compiled pioneer reminiscences functioned as a highly insulated form of collective myth-making; by exclusively centering the frontier triumphs of their own peer group, compilers like Blankenship actively curated a historical memory that legitimized settler colonialism as a heroic destiny while systematically minimizing the concurrent displacement of the region's Indigenous populations.

392, [3] pages, 23 unnumbered leaves of plates : frontispiece, illustrations, portraits ; 23 cm

ONLINE Circulation [ 1 ]

 


 

Last updated: 2025-09-23